These point wells are typically low volume and are usually pretty shallow (fifteen to 30 feet). Pounded wells can be a simple point with a two inch pipe and can be pounded by hand and are very labor intensive. These water wells utilize much smaller diameter but much longer well casings, usually from two to eight inch in diameter, here in New Hampshire 6″ well casing are the most popular. Pounded wells are wells that have literally pounded into the earth. Comparatively while it is less likely than coliform bacteria they are far more likely than pounded and drilled wells to contain E-Coli bacteria. We expect all dug wells in New Hampshire to contain Acidic water and Coliform Bacteria. In New Hampshire dug wells may contain and should be tested for, Flouride, Chloride, Nitrate, Nitrite, PH, Hardness, Sodium, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Lead, Total Coliform Bacteria, Arsenic total, Arsenic type 3, Arsenic type 5 and Radon in water. These water wells can be successful or not depending on a variety of things, porosity of the soil, surface water saturation, soil contamination, rainfall/drought, water volume use requirements among others. Modern dug wells come in many variations, here in New Hampshire the most common are dug using heavy equipment to dig a deep hole and then to place from three to six 3′ tall, 3′ to 4′ in diameter pre-formed concrete culvert pipe into place which can then be backfilled. If the home owner is using a dug well for the household water supply a one line or a two line Jet pump with pressure tank is commonly used to feed the home. Once completed, water would have been extracted by lowering a bucket attached to a rope more than likely a pulley would have been attached to a frame above the well to make the job of getting water much easier.
These old hand dug wells would then have been lined with stone to keep the earth surrounding the well from caving in and to create an area for water storage. With danger of cave-ins in mind, the well would have to have been big enough for one man to climb down into to work with a shovel and a bucket while the man on top would have had a rope to haul the debris up and to send the empty bucket back down. It may have been a community, or a two man effort. These wells might have been dug by hand with a shovel and a bucket.
Many hand dug wells in the United States that were dug early in the colonial age are still around today and remain to be viable sources of water. Deep (drilled or pounded) wells in the United states came into existence in the early 1800’s. In the old days before pounding or drilling wells became popular all wells were dug wells. Dug or shallow water wells are wells that have either been dug by hand or with a big piece of machinery like an excavator or back hoe.
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